Fundamentally, every electrical installation is required to have a good and reliable earthing system. Good earthing systems is important for

– Safety of human and animal life

– Limiting damage to electrical equipment incase of fault / lightning

– Timely operation of the protective devices

The resistance of an earth electrode purely depends on the soil resistivity and type of electrode used.

Chemical Earthing (Maintenance Free Earthing)

Maintenance Free Chemical Earthing. A well-designed Earthing system is essential for any electrical installation to Avoid dangers associated with fault currents. Good Earthing protects both equipment and people against Dangerous step & touch voltage.

Methods of Earthing

Plate Earthing: A copper plate or galvanized plate is buried in an earth pit below ground level.

The plate electrode connects the electrical conductors to the earth.

Pipe Earthing: A galvanized steel perforated pipe inside the ground connects the electrical conductors to the earth.

Rod Earthing: Similar to the Pipe earthing. A copper rod replaces the pipe electrode.

Conventionally, for earthing, a cast iron plate / GI pipe is used as an electrode. The pit is excavated and the electrode is placed in the centre and is filled with soil, mixed with salt and charcoal. The conduction of current in the conventional electrode is electrolytic. Hence watering and charging of the earth pit with salt is very essential to maintain low earth resistance.